SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION AND METHODE

 

First of all, we need know what science is. When we hear the word ‘science’ what do you think of? Lab coats and test tubes? Telescopes and stars? Einstein? Dog-eared text books? While these represent various aspects of science, none of these truly embodies ‘science’ as a whole, because as a field it is so multifaceted.Science is the study of the nature and behavior of natural things and the knowledge that we obtain about them . Science generates solutions for everyday life and helps us to answer the great mysteries of the universe. In other words, science is one of the most important channels of knowledg

 Science can be thought of as both a body of knowledge (the things we have already discovered), and the process of acquiring new knowledge (through observation and experimentation—testing and hypothesizing ). Both knowledge and process are interdependent, since the knowledge acquired depends on the questions asked and the methods used to find the answers.

 We can divide science to many fields: 

•  Natural science
•  Social science ,
• Formal science
• Applied science.

 Both natural science and social science are known as empirical sciences. This means that any theories must be based on observable phenomena, reproducibility of results, and peer review. 

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

The scientific method is an approach to seeking the knowledge that involves forming and testing a hypothesis. This methodology is used to answer questions in a wide variety of disciplines outside of science, including business. Scientific method provides a logical, systematic way to answer questions and removes subjectivity by requiring each answer to be authenticated with objective evidence that can be reproduced. 

There is not one correct way to list the steps in scientific method. Regardless of how the steps are documented, the goal of the scientific method is to gather data that will validate or invalidate a cause and effect relationship. The scientific method is often carried out in a linear manner, but the approach can also be cyclical, because once a conclusion has been reached, it often raises more questions. 

Here is an example of how the steps in scientific the method can be stated:

 Make an observation 

• Ask a question 
• Gather background information 
• Create a hypothesis 
•  Create an experiment to test the hypothesis 
•  Analyze the results of the experiment 
• Draw a conclusion 
•  Share the conclusion 
•  Decide what question 
  
  
  

 SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION

An explanation is a set of statements usually constructed to describe a set of facts which clarifies the causes, context, and consequences of those facts. This description may establish rules or laws, and may clarify the existing rules or laws in relation to any objects, or phenomena examined. Scientific the explanation uses: 

• Theories 
• Deductive and inductive logic
• Empirical observation to determine what is true and what is false.

 Unlike authoritarian, traditional, or intuitive explanations, scientific knowledge is always supposed to be open to challenge and continual correction.

A theory is a hypothetical explanation for an observation or a question such as Why is the sky blue? or Why do victims of child abuse often grow up to be perpetrators? Scientists develop and test theories by using deductive logic, trying to show that empirical observations are instances of more general laws. Scientific theories are hypothetical explanations that state the possible relationships among scientific concepts .

 Scientific theories generally take the form of "If X happens, then Y will happen." For instance, Karl Marx's theory of surplus-value suggests that as the level of surplus value in a capitalist society increases, so will inequality. This is an attempt to determine causal relations, so that theories not only predict what will happen in the world but also explain why it happens.