Introduction of Philoshophy

 

introduction

“What is the philosophy?” is a question that each person who is studying about the Philosophy , must ask themselves. Philosophy which is a Greek word,  is love of wisdom .But every person who study philosophy or not are incapable to give a proper answer . Deeply when we look this , philosophy is an activity people undertake when they seek to understand fundamental truths about themselves .I think you agree with this definition.

“The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.”

― Socrates

The history of philosophy which has been around since the dawn of western civilization , was begun in the 6^th century B.C.E Greece. Then we can see the great philosophers  such as Socrates , Plato, Aristotle , Thales of Miletus ,Pythagoras .. .       These philosophers were made some philosophical arguments under several areas, such as, Philosophy of Law, Philosophy of Religion, Philosophy of Art, Philosophy of Science and etc… 

Branches of philosophy

Philosophy can be divided into many several area or branches , but mainly there can be categorized under  five branches. There  are :

• Epistemology
• Logic
• Ethics
• Aesthetics
• Metaphysics

Main reason which these  branches are divided , was through the question which  person  who study the philosophy is asking and thinking. But we can see so many branches without these major branches such as :

• Philosophy of Education
• Philosophy of History
• Philosophy of Law 
• Philosophy of Mathematics 
• Philosophy of Science 

Epistemology

When you look this , i think you can get some ideas of Epistemology. The meaning of Epistemology which is two Greek  words Episteme (knowledge)  and logos (study) respectively ,is the theory of knowledge . In this branch , it is concerned with the mind’s relation to reality.

"Epistemology is the study of knowledge. By what conduit do we know what we know? "

                                                       -Theodore Bike- 

Epistemology is the study of how people think. It is necessary to be able to distinguish between true and false by determining a proper method of evaluation. It is required in order to use and obtain knowledge of the world around us. We could not think without epistemology.

Typical questions of concern in epistemology  are :

• “what is knowledge?”
•  “Do we know things ” 
•  “if we do , how and when do we know things?”,
• “how do you know what the weather be like tomorrow ” 

For answering these questions needs to consider the relationship between knowledge , true , belief , reason , evidence and reliability.

Logic

The term logic comes from Greek word logos. Logic is study of correct reasoning .In this area , every person attempts to answer the correct reasons  for question. Therefore arguments are build for the logically true reasons.

Critical thinking is an evaluative process that employs reasoning to distinguish between truth and falsity, as well as reasonable and unreasonable opinions.

Typical questions of concern in logic  are ;

• "What constitutes "good" or "bad" reasoning?" 
• " How do we evaluate whether a given piece of reasoning is good or bad?"

Ethic 

Ethic is a general term for what is often described as the study of morality. Every humans are change to  each other. Then some answer may be  ethical or unethical for obtaining questions. It almost depend on your process of thinking.  

Then ethic questions are:

•  ”what is good ? " 
•  “What is right ?
•  “why should not I just throw my rubbish in the street?” 
• “are you willing to take another job by working for a wage less than what he or she needs to survive? If you are then you are unethical.” 

Aesthetics

Aesthetics means study of beauty and taste. The word Aesthetics derives from the Greek ”aisthetikos” , meaning “of sence perception” .  It closely related to the philosophy of art. Beauty is important in our life , because it is representative of our values. Then aesthetics is the study of a certain kind of values and value judgments

Aesthetics questions:

• “what is a work of art?”
• “why do we find certain things beautiful?”

Metaphysics

Metaphysics means the study of the nature of the reality of what  existing in the world. Metaphysics is the foundation of philosophy. Without a explanation or interpretation of the world around us, we would be helpless to deal with reality. Therefore metaphysics is so important to human life .

Metaphysics question:

• “ What is the nature of reality?”
• ”How does the world exit, and what is its origin or source of creation?” 
• “ Does the world exist outside the mind?”
• ”Is there a god”  

Philosophical Methods 

Philosophical method is the study of how to do philosophy . That meanings philosopher follow some step to answer the philosophical questions. It has four methods . There are 

• Questioning 
• Critical discussion
•  Rational argument
• Systematic presentation

Important of Philosophy

 Philosophy uses every field and every place To answer the questions. So now let's see what there are

• Philosophy asks the important questions
• Philosophy helps with critical thinking and reason
• It help guide the research process
• It forms a good foundation for a variety career
• It helps us be more creative
• It helps us live a better kind of life

"A good decision is based on knowledge and not on numbers.”

                                                                 

-Plato-